O'Shea joined the Spireites on loan in late November and impressed during his stay at the Proact Stadium.
The 24-year-old Irishman capped his final appearance for the League Two club on Saturday with a goal - the second during his stint in north east Derbyshire - but it was not enough to prevent Paul Cook's side from losing 2-1 at Wycombe.
Chesterfield chief executive Chris Turner told his club's official website: "He scored a good goal on Saturday and hit the crossbar, and was unlucky not to score a few more goals in his spell here.
"Paul's [Cook] intimated that he wants to sign him and we'll try our best to come up with something this week if possible."
